Drosophila derived from the Greek word drósos means dew loving. They belong to the Droso–philidae family; and are most frequently known as fruit flies or often called vinegar, wine or pomace flies. Their main distinguishing character is to stay on fruits, which are ripped or rotten. There is another related family Tephritidae, their members are also called as true fruit flies or fruit flies. Drosophilae are different from them. They feed primarily on unripe or ripe fruits. Many species of Drosophila are agricultural pests, especially the Mediterranean fruit flies. They oviposit through ovipositor and capable of colonizing in live fruits that are still in the process of ripening, causing massive agricultural damage ( Table 1 ; Figure 1a and f ) [1, 2]. Currently, the genus Drosophila is considered as paraphyletic group. The entire genus, however, contains more than 1500 species [3], which are very diverse in their appearance, behavior, and breeding habitat [4]. However, many members of the family Drosophilidae are categorized into two subgenera, in which around 1100 species belong to Drosophila subgenera, moreover, about 330 species belong to Sophophora subgenera including D. (S.) melanogaster. Furthermore, another Drosophila species, i.e., Hawaiian spp. have more than 500 species in which only 380 species are described. Furthermore, they are occasionally documented as a separate subgenus or genus, i.e., Idiomyia grimshawi [5], but this is not widely accepted. About 250 specie بل بل حلقاله ای...
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برچسب : نویسنده : ppz بازدید : 52 تاريخ : سه شنبه 21 آذر 1402 ساعت: 20:07